Working conditions and health of the lobster fishermen in northeastern Brazil

Introduction
The purpose of this study is to analyze the working conditions in lobster fishing and its consequences on the health of fishermen on the coast of Ceará State in northeastern Brazil. Lobster fishing used to be an artisan activity in which prevailed the tradition of family work and subsistence fishing. Actually, it was observed that their catch supplied important national and international companies. 

Methods
The qualitative-quantitative method was used in the study. Nearly 100 fishermen were interviewed, and were divided into three groups for interview. Data on working conditions, health and socioeconomic aspects were collected and analyzed.

Results
Characteristics of precarious employment and work were reported, such as existence of informal work relationship, exclusion of labor rights; workpace intensification, extended working hours, wages according to productivity, work agreement is such that fishermen remain with 10% of boat total profit, low wages, unsafe working conditions, work-related accidents, psychological stress and physical disorders; conflicts of interest between fishermen and boat owners. Boat and crew can be victims of violence, such as robbery and physical aggression. Many fishermen reported serious health consequences due to occupational activity, such as low back pain, musculoskeletal disorders and blindness. 

Discussion
These lobster fishermen were part of a productive chain in industrial scale. It was evident that there was an overexploitation of labor and that the fisherman retire early due to precocious aging and work-related diseases. The lack of professional qualification and low educational level make it impossible for them to work in other occupations. The lack of alternative jobs and unemployment would be challenges in the near future. It is an urgent matter to formulate public health policies and policy of job security for these workers.