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Anthropometry deals with the measurements of the human external body dimensions in static and dynamic conditions and is fundamental to the design of safe and usable products and the benefits of using these data in designing process are widely recognized.Use of anthropometric data can help in the proper design of equipment for better efficiency and more human comfort.
Methods
The present study was carried out in construction sites of Delhi/NCR. A total of 120 male construction workers without craniofacial defects were selected with multistage purposive cum random sampling technique. Anthropometric data on 24 body measurements were measured and documented viz. whole body measurements, 7 head and neck anthropometric measurements (based on landmark of human skull), 4 face measurements, 9 hand and 2 foot measurements.
Results
Bone, muscle and other minute dimensions of anatomy are mostly referred for medical and other necessities, but for designing and/or assessing products for human use, the anthropometric measurements has to be considered. The mean values of head length, head breadth, head height, head circumference, bi-tragion arc length, sagital arc length and sub-mandibular arc of construction workers were 18.19 ± .55, 14.46 ± .86, 16.95 ± .49, 54.53 ± 2.0, 33.79 ± 1.65, 34.44 ± 1.16 and 26.28 ± 1.58 cm, respectively.The average face length-menton to brow and face length- menton to naison, face breadth and jaw width were also measured. Further hand anthropometry and foot measurements were also taken under considerations.
Discussion
Head and neck measurements are crucial parameters for functional designing of helmet, and visor and for face mask and respirators face measurements are important. The assessment of physical dimensions of the human hand provides a metric description to ascertain human machine compatibility. Hand anthropometry is required for designing and sizing of gloves. Foot dimensions are required for designing and sizing of shoes and boots.