The White Book on occupational exposure to engineered nanomaterials and the stakeholders engagement: from research to policy approach

Introduction
Nanotechnology is an emerging, cross-disciplinary science that incorporate nanoscale materials into the development of new products and applications. Workers involved in production, use, handling and transport of nanomaterials, are likely to be the first exposed during the life cycle of this nanotech products. In 2008 over 400,000 workers were employed in nanotechnology sectors worldwide and it is estimated that about 6 million people will be employed in processes using nanomaterials by 2020.
Main aims of this study are: to define the state of the art of Italian research, development and productions of engineered nanomaterials, to focus on critical points for development of research in occupational health and safety issues and to define strategies for policy impact on responsible nanotechnology.

Methods
In this background, the Italian Network for identifying prevention measures related to occupational exposure to nanomaterials (“NanOSH Italia”) has been created in 2008 by the National Institute for Occupational Prevention and Safety (ISPESL). In a second phase, a process has been implemented to engage National stakeholders among the social partners (representatives of institutions, enterprises and trade unions) active in the field, with different approach to the matter.

Results
First output of this work is the “White Book” on occupational exposure to engineered nanomaterials, disseminated in 2011 by the Italian Workers’ Compensation Authority (INAIL), as new Institution who takes on ISPESL functions.
The second phase includes:
- Stakeholders consultation, through a survey to validate the White Book contents and to identify the key issues for a policy approach.
- Stakeholders involvement in a working group, to discuss and implement the results of previous phase in order to propose an integrated framework for policy proposal.

Discussion
The White Book, as tool finalized through the stakeholders engagement, will contribute to have a better picture of future scenario towards a responsible and sustainable nanotechnology development and regulation.